Učni list – Angleščina 1. letnik

1

Everyday Activities – Besedišče

Vsakodnevne dejavnosti

to wake up– zbuditi se

to get up– vstati

to brush your teeth– umiti zobe

to have a shower– tuširati se

to have breakfast– zajtrkovati

to have lunch– kositi

to have dinner– večerjati

to get dressed– obleci se

to pack school bag– spakirati torbo

to leave home– zapustiti dom

to go to school– iti v šolo

to start school– začeti šolo

to finish school– končati šolo

to take a break– imeti odmor

to do homework– narediti domačo

to go home– iti domov

to go to bed– iti spat

to go on social media– biti na omrežjih

to watch TV– gledati televizijo

to do exercise– telovaditi

to go for a walk/run– iti na sprehod/tek

to do laundry– prati oblačila

to go shopping– iti nakupovat

to relax– spočiti se

to spend time with family– preživeti čas z družino

to walk the dog– sprehoditi psa

to feed the pet– nahraniti hišnega ljubljenčka

to do yoga– delati jogo

to water plants– zaliti rože

to take a nap– zadremati

to travel– potovati

to go camping– iti kampirati

to do gardening– vrtnariti

to chat online– dopisovati po spletu

to do sports– ukvarjati se s športom

to draw– risati

to hang out with friends– družiti se s prijatelji

to listen to music– poslušati glasbo

to play an instrument– igrati instrument

to play board games– igrati namizne igre

to play computer games– igrati video igre

to read– brati

to take photos– fotografirati

to do puzzles/crosswords– reševati ugank/križanke

to have a picnic– imeti piknik

to attend a workshop– udeleženiti delavnico

to paint– slikati

to write a journal– pisati dnevnik

Transport to school: by bus / by bike / by car / by train / on foot (peš)

2

Present Simple & Present Continuous

Sedanjik & Trajnik sedanjika

Present Simple – OBLIKA

+V₁ ali V₁ + (e)s → he/she/it

–don't / doesn't + V₁

?Do / Does + ... + V₁?

WhWh- + do/does + ... + V₁?

Spelling +s/-es: o/s/ss/ch/sh/x/z → +es | cons+y → -ies | ostalo → +s

Present Simple – RABA

Ponavljajoče dejavnosti: I mow the lawn every month.
Navade in rutine: He smokes 10 cigarettes a day.
Splošna resnica / naravni zakoni: Water boils at 100°.
Razporedi, tabele: The train arrives at 5pm.

Časovni izrazi (time expressions)

neverrarely/seldomhardly ever sometimesusuallyalways every day/week/yearonce/twice a week generallyoccasionallyweekly

Present Continuous – OBLIKA

+am/is/are + V-ing

–am not / isn't / aren't + V-ing

?Am/Is/Are + ... + V-ing?

WhWh- + am/is/are + ... + V-ing?

Present Continuous – RABA

Dejanje, ki se dogaja ZDAJ: I'm listening to the teacher now.
Začasno stanje: I'm currently staying at the hotel.
Kritika / vznemirjenost: You are always interrupting me!
Prihodnji načrti: They are getting married on Saturday.
Spreminjajoče se razmere: Prices are rising.

Dodajanje -ing (spelling)

Večina glagolov	+ ing `eat → eating`
Končnica -e	odstrani e + ing `take → taking`
Sam+sogla+sogla (kratka)	podvoji + ing `run → running`
Končnica -ie	ie → y + ing `die → dying`
-l (BrE)	podvoji + ing `travel → travelling`

Časovni izrazi (PC)

nowat the momentcurrently todaythis weekat present these daysstill

3

Places in Town – Besedišče

Kraji v mestu

art gallery– galerija

café– kavarna

cinema– kino

gym– telovadnica

library– knjižnica

museum– muzej

park– park

restaurant– restavracija

shopping centre– nakupovalni center

stadium– stadion

swimming pool– bazen

theatre– gledališče

school– šola

police station– policijska postaja

bookstore– knjigarna

bank– banka

bus stop– avtobusna postaja

airport– letališče

train station– železniška postaja

petrol station– bencinska postaja

hotel– hotel

church– cerkva

bakery– pekarna

chapel– kapela

cathedral– katedrala

synagogue– sinagoga

mosque– mošeja

zoo– živalski vrt

car park– parkirišče

crossroads– križišče

traffic lights– semaforji

zebra crossing– prehod za pešce

bridge– most

cemetery– pokopališče

roundabout– krožišče

skyscraper– nebotičnik

statue / monument– kip / spomenik

square– mestni trg

amusement park– zabaviščni park

dry cleaner's– čistilnica

florist's– cvetličarna

grocer's– trgovina z živili

hairdresser's– frizerski salon

hardware store– železnina

pharmacy/drugstore– lekarna

bowling alley– kegljišče

ice rink– drsališče

nightclub– nočni klub

skate park– skate park

post office– pošta

news agent's– trafika

barber shop– brivnica

launderette– pralnica

butcher's– mesnica

4

Prepositions of Time – IN, ON, AT

Predlogi časa + predlogi kraja

IN – čas

📅 meseci: in January
📅 leta: in 2024
📅 letni časi: in summer
📅 deli dneva: in the morning/afternoon/evening
📅 desetletja: in the 1990s

ON – čas

📅 dnevi: on Monday
📅 datumi: on June 15th
📅 posebni dnevi: on Christmas Day
📅 + del dneva: on Monday morning
📅 ob koncu tedna: on the weekend

AT – čas

🕐 ure: at 3pm, at noon
🕐 ponoči: at night, at midnight
🕐 prazniki: at Easter, at Christmas
🕐 ob koncu: at the weekend (BrE)
🕐 za en čas: at the moment

Predlogi KRAJA:

IN – kraj

in a carin a roomin a building in a town/countryin the seain the sky in a boxin bedin a photo in the worldin a book/letterin the front/back of a car

ON / AT – kraj

on the left/righton the ground floor on the 1st flooron a map/liston a farm on the left-hand side

at the top/bottomat the endat the corner at the airport/schoolat workat home

5

Rooms in the House – Besedišče

Prostori in pohištvo v hiši

PROSTORI (ROOMS)

attic– podstrešje

basement– klet

bathroom– kopalnica

dining room– jedilna soba

garage– garaža

garden– vrt

hall– hodnik

kitchen– kuhinja

living room– dnevna soba

shower– tuš

nursery room– otroška soba

POHIŠTVO & PREDMETI (FURNITURE)

armchair– naslonjač

bath– banja

bed– postelja

carpet– preproga

chest of drawers– predal nik

cupboard– omara

curtains– zavese

dishwasher– pomivalni stroj

fridge– hladilnik

freezer– zamrzovalnik

lamp– svetilka

microwave– mikrovalovna

mirror– ogledalo

radiator– radiator

rug– tepih

shelf/shelves– police

sink– korito/umivalnik

sofa– kavč

toilet– stranišče

wardrobe– omara za oblačila

washing machine– pralni stroj

window– okno

fireplace– kamin

ceiling– strop

floor– tla

bunk bed– pograd

blinds– žaluzije

cushion– blazina

coffee table– mizica

faucet / tap– pipa

HIŠNA OPRAVILA (HOUSEHOLD CHORES)

to do the ironing– likati

to do the shopping– nakupovati

to do the washing– prati perilo

to do the washing up– pomivati posodo

to dust the furniture– brisati prah

to lay the table– pogrinjati mizo

to make the bed– postiljati posteljo

to sweep the floor– pomesti tla

to take the rubbish out– odnesti smeti

to vacuum– sesati

to mop the floor– pomiti tla

6

Body Parts & Physical Activities

Deli telesa in telesne dejavnosti

body– telo

ankle– gleženj

back– hrbet

chest– prsa

chin– brada

ear– uho

elbow– komolec

eye– oko

eyebrow– obrv

eyelid– veko

finger– prst (roke)

foot / feet– stopalo/stopali

forehead– čelo

hand– roka

heel– peta

hip– bok

jaw– čeljust

knee– koleno

lips– ustnice

mouth– usta

nail– noht

neck– vrat

nose– nos

nostril– nosnica

palm– dlan

shin– golenica

shoulder– rama

stomach– trebuh

teeth / tooth– zobje / zob

thigh– stegno

thumb– palec

toe– prst (noge)

tongue– jezik

waist– pas

wrist– zapestje

throat– grlo

calf– mečna mišica

armpit– pazduha

sore– boleč

7

Adverbs of Manner → -ly

Prislovi načina

Tvorba (formation)

Pravilo	Primer
Večina: pridevnik + -ly	`quick → quickly`, `slow → slowly`
Konč. -y → -ily	`happy → happily`, `easy → easily`
Konč. -le → -ly	`gentle → gently`, `simple → simply`
Konč. -ic → -ically	`fantastic → fantastically`
Neredno (irregular)	`good → well`, `fast → fast`, `hard → hard`, `late → late`

Primeri prislovov

quickly– hitro

slowly– počasi

carefully– previdno

loudly– glasno

quietly– tiho

well– dobro

badly– slabo

hard– marljivo

fast– hitro

fluently– tekoče

happily– srečno

nervously– nervozno

Raba (use)

Prislovi načina opisujejo kako nekdo naredi dejanje.
Stojijo za glagolom ali za predmetom.
She speaks English fluently.
He drives carefully.

8

Sport – Besedišče

Šport in oprema

ŠPORT (SPORTS)

volleyball– odbojka

basketball– košarka

football– nogomet

golf– golf

judo– judo

climbing– plezanje

running– tek

badminton– badminton

baseball– baseball

cycling– kolesarjenje

diving– potapljanje

gymnastics– gimnastika

ice hockey– hokej na ledu

horse riding– jahanje

ice skating– drsanje

inline skating– rolanje

figure skating– umetnostno drsanje

rugby– rugby

sailing– jadranje

skateboarding– deskarjenje

skiing– smučanje

surfing– surfanje

wrestling– rokoborba

weightlifting– dviganje uteži

fencing– mečevanje

boxing– boks

rowing– veslanje

archery– lokostrelstvo

martial arts– borilne veščine

jogging– tik (jogging tek)

squash– skvoš

canoe– kanu

scuba diving– potapljanje z opremo

hang-gliding– zmajarstvo

ski jumping– skakalništvo

cross-country skiing– tek na smučeh

parachuting– parašutstvo

speed skating– hitrostno drsanje

waterpolo– vaterpolo

cricket– kriket

athletics– atletika

OPREMA & OSEBE (EQUIPMENT & PEOPLE)

athlete– športnik

cyclist– kolesar

climber– plezalec

referee– sodnik (šport)

umpire– sodnik (baseball, tenis)

helmet– čelada

tennis racquet– teniški lopar

golf club– golf palica

baseball bat– baseball palica

shuttlecock– žogica za badminton

net– mreža

goggles– zaščitna očala

knee pads– ščitniki za kolena

hockey puck– plošček za hokej

hockey stick– hokejska palica

sports uniform– športna uniforma

ice rink– drsališče

boxing ring– bokserski ring

basketball court– košarkarsko igrišče

golf course– golf igrišče

football pitch– nogometno igrišče

ski slope– smučišče

athletics track– tekaška steza

swimming pool– bazen

9

Modal Verbs of Obligation

Modalni glagoli obveznosti: must, have to, don't have to, mustn't

MUST / HAVE TO – obveznost

must – notranja obveznost (sam se odločiš)
I must study for the exam.

have to – zunanja obveznost (pravilo/zakon)
You have to wear a seatbelt.

MUSTN'T – prepoved

mustn't = NE SMEŠ (prepoved!)
You mustn't use your phone in class.
You mustn't run in the corridor.

DON'T HAVE TO – ni obvezno

don't have to = ni obvezno, ampak lahkoˇ
You don't have to come if you're tired.
She doesn't have to wear a uniform.

SHOULD / SHOULDN'T – nasvet

should = moraš/bi moral (nasvet) → You should eat more fruit. shouldn't = ne bi smel (nasvet) → You shouldn't stay up late.

CAN / CAN'T – sposobnost, dovoljenje

can = znam / smem → I can swim. Can I use your pen? can't = ne znam / ne smem → She can't drive yet.

10

Past Simple & Past Continuous

Preteklik & Trajnik preteklika

Past Simple – OBLIKA

+V₂ (pravilni: V + -ed)

–didn't + V₁

?Did + ... + V₁? → Yes, I did. / No, I didn't.

WhWh- + did + ... + V₁?

Spelling -ed: običajno +ed | konč. -e → +d | cons+y → -ied | kratka+sogla podvoji

Past Simple – RABA

Dejanje, ki je ZAČETO in KONČANO v preteklosti: I broke my leg yesterday.
Vrsta zaporednih dejanj v preteklosti: I got home, had a shower and went to bed.

Signal words – Past Simple

yesterdaylast week/month/year ... agoin 2009in May thenwhen

Past Continuous – OBLIKA

+was/were + V-ing

–wasn't/weren't + V-ing

?Was/Were + ... + V-ing? → Yes/No

WhWh- + was/were + ... + V-ing?

Past Continuous – RABA

Trajno dejanje v preteklosti v določenem trenutku: I was sleeping at 10pm yesterday evening.
Trajno dejanje PREKINJENO z drugim dejanjem (+ PS):
The teacher was explaining when Bor interrupted her.
Dve ali več dejanj, ki potekajo hkrati:
While the teacher was talking, Bor was texting.

Ključne besede za PC

whilewhenat that moment at 10pm yesterdayall day

11

Nationality Suffixes

Pripone za narodnosti

-an / -ian

America	→ American
Italy	→ Italian
Russia	→ Russian
Brazil	→ Brazilian
Canada	→ Canadian
Hungary	→ Hungarian
Australia	→ Australian

-ish / -ese / -i

Spain	→ Spanish
Turkey	→ Turkish
Finland	→ Finnish
Sweden	→ Swedish
China	→ Chinese
Japan	→ Japanese
Portugal	→ Portuguese
Iraq	→ Iraqi

Neredno (irregular)

France	→ French
Greece	→ Greek
Switzerland	→ Swiss
Netherlands	→ Dutch
Poland	→ Polish
England	→ English
Slovenia	→ Slovenian
Germany	→ German

12

Travel & Transport – Besedišče

Potovanje in prevoz

to book a ticket– rezervirati vozovnico

flight– let

luggage / baggage– prtljaga

hand luggage– ročna prtljaga

package holiday– paketne počitnice

passenger– potnik

passport– potni list

to go sightseeing– ogledati si znamenitosti

souvenir– suvenir

ticket– vozovnica

tour guide– turistični vodič

travel agency– potovalna agencija

trip– izlet/potovanje

tourist– turist

suitcase– kovček

map– zemljevid

to check in (hotel)– prijaviti se

to check out– odjaviti se

backpack– nahrbtnik

boarding pass– karta za vkrcanje

journey– potovanje

return ticket– povratna vozovnica

single ticket– enosmerna vozovnica

travel pillow– potovalna blazina

timetable– vozni red

to take off– vzleteti

to land– pristati

to board a plane– vkrcati se

departure lounge– čakalnica za odhode

full board– polni penzion

half board– polpenzion

reception desk– recepcija

duty-free shop– brezcarinska prodajalna

baggage claim– prevzem prtljage

room service– sobna postrežba

helicopter– helikopter

double-decker– dvonivovni avtobus

cable car– žičnica

yacht– jahta

rickshaw– rikša

low-cost airline– poceni letalska družba

resort– letovišče

honeymoon– medeni tedni

glamping– glamping

camping– kampiranje

ferry– trajekt

coach– medmestni avtobus

van– kombi

13

There was / There were

Preteklo obstajanje

Oblika

	Ednina	Množina
+	`There was`	`There were`
–	`There wasn't`	`There weren't`
?	`Was there?`	`Were there?`

Primeri

There was a big tree in the garden.
There were many tourists in the city.
There wasn't a café on that street.
Were there any children? Yes, there were.

There is / There are (sedanjik)

	Ednina	Množina
+	`There is`	`There are`
–	`There isn't`	`There aren't`
?	`Is there?`	`Are there?`

Raba

Ko govorimo o obstoju/lokaciji nečesa
Pogosto prvič omenjamo kaj: There is a new café in town.
Prihodnost: There will be
Sedanji dovršnik: There have been

14

Jobs & Occupations – Besedišče

Poklici

accountant– računovodja

actor / actress– igralec/ka

architect– arhitekt

astronaut– astronavt

athlete– atlet/športnik

author / writer– avtor/pisatelj

barber– brivec

beautician– kozmetičarka

businessman/woman– poslovnež/ica

butcher– mesar

cashier– blagajnik/ca

chef / cook– kuhar/chef

conductor– dirigent

dancer– plesalec/ka

dentist– zobozdravnik

doctor– zdravnik

electrician– električar

engineer– inženir

farmer– kmet

fashion designer– modni oblikovalec

film director– filmski režiser

film producer– filmski producent

firefighter– gasilec

flight attendant– stevard/esa

hairdresser– frizer/ka

journalist– novinar/ka

lawyer– odvetnik

librarian– knjižničar/ka

mechanic– mehanik

musician– glasbenik

novelist– romanopisec

nurse– medicinska sestra

painter– slikar

photographer– fotograf

pilot– pilot

playwright– dramatik

plumber– vodovodar

poet– pesnik

police officer– policist

politician– politik

psychologist– psiholog

scientist– znanstvenik

secretary– tajnik/ca

singer– pevec/pevka

soldier– vojak

songwriter– tekstopisec

teacher– učitelj/ica

translator– prevajalec

vet– veterinar

waiter / waitress– natakar/ica

shop assistant– prodajalec/ka

15

Definite Article "THE"

Določni člen

✅ KDAJ UPORABIMO "THE"

Ko je stvar že znana / omenjena: I saw a dog. The dog was big.
Edinstvene stvari: the sun, the moon, the sky
Reke, oceani, morja: the Amazon, the Pacific
Gorske verige: the Alps, the Andes
Množinska imena držav: the USA, the UK, the Netherlands
Letala, ladje, muzeji, hoteli: the Titanic, the Louvre
Superlative: the best, the most beautiful
Inštrumenti: I play the guitar.

❌ KDAJ NE UPORABIMO "THE"

Splošna množina: I like dogs. (not "the dogs")
Lastna imena oseb: John, Maria
Kontinenti, večina držav: Europe, France, Slovenia
Mesta, ulice, trgi: London, Main Street
Jezera, gore (posamezne): Lake Bled, Mount Everest
Jeziki: I speak English.
Šport: I play football.
Obroki: I had breakfast.

16

Family Relations – Družinsko drevo

Sorodstveni odnosi

grandparents– stari starši

grandmother– babica

grandfather– dedek

great grandparents– prababica/pradedek

parents– starši

mother– mati/mama

father– oče

husband– mož

wife– žena

spouse– zakonec

sibling– sorojenec

brother– brat

sister– sestra

child / children– otrok/otroci

son– sin

daughter– hči

grandchild/ren– vnuk/vnukinja

grandson– vnuk

granddaughter– vnukinja

offspring– potomci

twins– dvojčki

aunt– teta

uncle– stric

cousin– bratranec/sestrična

niece– nečakinja

nephew– nečak

relative– sorodnik

widow– vdova

widower– vdovec

ex-husband/wife– bivši mož/žena

stepmother– mačeha

stepfather– očim

stepsister– polsestra

stepbrother– polbrat

stepson– pastorek

stepdaughter– pastorka

half-brother– polbrat

half-sister– polsestra

mother-in-law– tašča

father-in-law– tast

sister-in-law– svakinja

brother-in-law– svak

son-in-law– zet

daughter-in-law– snaha

fiancé / fiancée– zaročenec/ka

17

Irregular Verbs

Nepravilni glagoli – Infinitive / Past Simple (V₂) / Past Participle (V₃)

Infinitive	Past Simple (V₂)	Past Participle (V₃)
be	was/were	been
become	became	become
begin	began	begun
break	broke	broken
bring	brought	brought
build	built	built
buy	bought	bought
catch	caught	caught
choose	chose	chosen
come	came	come
cost	cost	cost
cut	cut	cut
do	did	done
drink	drank	drunk
drive	drove	driven
eat	ate	eaten
fall	fell	fallen
feel	felt	felt
fight	fought	fought
find	found	found
fly	flew	flown
forget	forgot	forgotten
get	got	got/gotten
give	gave	given
go	went	gone
grow	grew	grown
have	had	had
hear	heard	heard
hit	hit	hit
hold	held	held
hurt	hurt	hurt
keep	kept	kept
know	knew	known
learn	learnt/learned	learnt/learned

Infinitive	Past Simple (V₂)	Past Participle (V₃)
leave	left	left
lose	lost	lost
make	made	made
mean	meant	meant
meet	met	met
pay	paid	paid
put	put	put
read	read [red]	read [red]
ride	rode	ridden
run	ran	run
say	said	said
see	saw	seen
sell	sold	sold
send	sent	sent
set	set	set
sing	sang	sung
sit	sat	sat
sleep	slept	slept
speak	spoke	spoken
spend	spent	spent
stand	stood	stood
steal	stole	stolen
swim	swam	swum
take	took	taken
teach	taught	taught
tell	told	told
think	thought	thought
throw	threw	thrown
understand	understood	understood
wake	woke	woken
wear	wore	worn
win	won	won
write	wrote	written

Učni list — Angleščina 1. letnik